Answers to questions on principles of nutrition for healthcare

Answers to questions on principles of nutrition for healthcare Omega-3 (linolenic acid) is a type of essential polyunsaturated fat. Like the omega-6 fatty acids are unsaturated because it contains in its molecule double bonds between carbon atoms and are essential (EFA) because the body can not produce it and therefore must be obtained through food. There are three omega -3 fatty acids: Alpha-linolenic, Eicosapentaenoic acid and Docosahexaenoic acid. These essential fatty acids can be obtained from the following sources: The Blue Fish, Food Plant: The purslane, lettuce, soy, spinach, strawberries, cucumbers, Brussels sprouts, cabbages, pineapples, Almonds and Walnuts. The body needs omega-3 fatty acid to work properly. The main functions of linolenic acid include: The formation of cell membranes, the formation of hormones, the immune system to functioning correctly, the correct formation of the retina, the functioning of neurons and chemical transmissions. Besides the basic functions, there is evidence that ingestion of omega-3 fatty acids represents a number of benefits for the body. Beneficial effects on the circulatory system, the intake of linolenic acid-rich foods or supplements that contain this principle lowers triglycerides, lowers cholesterol, prevents blood clots in the arteries by preventing platelet aggregation and arterial pressure decreases slightly. In general thins blood and protects against heart attacks, strokes, stroke, angina pectoris, Raynauds disease, etc. Moreover, the cardioprotective role is further enhanced by the ability of these oils to increase the transmission power of the heart muscle as rhythm regular and prevent disease and arrhythmias. This component protects against the development of certain cancers like colon, prostate and breast cancer. They can also prevent the growth of cancer cells. In breast cancer these acids inhibit the action of estrogens that are responsible for the development of breast tu mors. There is evidence that omega-3 has anti-inflammatory joint diseases. Therefore food or supplements especially can be very appropriate to reduce swelling and relieve pain in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and lupus. The use of supplements containing omega-3 may be a natural alternative to conventional treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. It appears that this component increases the levels of PG3 prostaglandins have anti-inflammatory properties. Inflammatory properties of omega-3 can be used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Crohns disease or ulcerative colitis.   In the same way can help reduce the pain caused by menstruation. The intake of these acids can help maintain mental balance and avoid depression or to improve or assist in the treatment of diseases such as schizophrenia. These acids have a positive action in the maintenance of healthy skin, making them suitable for preventing or ameliorating diseases affecting this organ, such as eczema, psoriasis, etc., Intake of foods rich in omega-3 is very appropriate during pregnancy to ensure that the fetus has a right brain development. Mothers who eat foods with these components have had children with a higher learning capacity and less impaired. Similarly it has been shown that omega-3 favored the motor coordination of premature babies. 2. The client brings the results of recent cholesterol screening with him to see the nurse. The client is confused about what the results mean and asks what the total cholesterol number should be. Which of the following statements could the nurse make about interpreting the results of the cholesterol screening test? a. Total blood cholesterol should not exceed 150 mg/dl c. Total cholesterol should not exceed 150 mg/ml b. Total cholesterol should not exceed 200 mg/dl d. Total cholesterol should not exceed 200 mg/ml Answer: b) Total cholesterol should not exceed 200 mg/dl 3. The nurse is teaching a group of clients in a cardiac rehabilitation class about food sources of proteins. In what foods will the nurse say protein is found? a. in foods derived from both plant and animal foods c. only in foods derived from plants b. only in foods derived from animals d. only in fortified foods Answer: a) in food derived from both plant and animal foods. 4. The school nurse is making a presentation to parents of teenage students. One parent is concerned that their child is not getting adequate high quality dietary protein because the child has stopped eating meat. The nurse tells the parent that certain diets that do not contain meat can still provide adequate protein. Which of the following statements could the nurse make about vegetarian diets and protein? a. all vegetarian diets deliver adequate high quality dietary protein c. lacto-ovo vegetarian diets deliver adequate high quality dietary protein b. fruitarian diets deliver adequate high quality dietary protein d. vegan diets deliver adequate high quality dietary protein Answer: d) Vegan diets deliver adequate high quality dietary protein. Explain why. Get adequate protein on a vegan diet presents no problem at all. Both nuts and seeds such as legumes, whole grains and soy products provide protein. Previously it was believed that plant proteins were of lower quality than animal proteins in which amino acid content is concerned. However, this belief has become outdated and that if you follow a diet based on balanced vegetable products, will receive all the necessary amino acids in adequate amounts. The vegan diet has several incomplete proteins to make a complete one, but that should be eaten the same day, the essential amino acids can also be found in soy products and tofu. 5. A pregnant client tells the nurse that she is taking megadoses of vitamin A in the hopes that it will keep her complexion clear throughout the pregnancy. What could the nurse say about the clientà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s use of this vitamin supplement? a. Consuming megadoses of vitamin A may cause permanent night blindness. c. Taking megadoses of vitamin A are a good idea during pregnancy because vitamin A supports a healthy immune system. b. Consuming megadoses of vitamin A may result in birth defects. d. Taking megadoses of vitamin A will neither help nor hurt her or the fetus during the pregnancy. Answer: b) Consuming megadose of vitamin A may result in birth defect. Explain your answer. Birth defects can occur if the supplement that has high doses of retinol ingested for a while, several days or weeks and especially during the first trimester of pregnancy. Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient for growth of the human body, the tissue tropism of epithelial organogenesis, epithelial differentiation and embryonic development. Intake, acute or chronic high amounts of vitamin A can cause various clinical manifestations such as headache, vomiting, diplopia, alopecia, dry mucous membranes, skin peeling, bone abnormalities and liver damage. Vitamin A and retinoids are teratogens classics. Malformations that are generated depend on the doses used and timing of organogenesis in which they are provided. During early organogenesis result in abnormalities of the central nervous and cardiovascular system, while a later provision gives rise to genetic defects in the upper and lower genitourinary tract and palate. Retinoids derived from the catabolism of vitamin A mothers diet are transferred to the embryo-fetal compartment. 6. A family member of an elderly client contacts the nurse and asks why the client is receiving B12 injections. Which of the following answers could the nurse give? a. The injections of B12 are given to prevent blindness. c. The injections of B12 are given to prevent pellagra b. The injections of B12 are given to prevent beriberi d. The injections of B12 are given to prevent pernicious anemia Answer: d the injections of B12 are given to prevent pernicious anemia Explain why. Pernicious anemia is a decrease in red blood cells that occurs when the body can not properly absorb vitamin B12 from the digestive tract. This vitamin is necessary for the proper development of red blood cells. The body needs vitamin B12 to produce red blood cells. In order to provide vitamin B12 in their cells, you should eat enough foods that contain this vitamin, such as beef, poultry, seafood, eggs and dairy products (AC Antony, 2008). To absorb vitamin B12, your body uses a special protein called intrinsic factor, secreted by cells in the stomach. The combination of vitamin B12 attached to intrinsic factor is absorbed in the latter part of the small intestine. When the stomach does not produce enough intrinsic factor, the intestine can not absorb the vitamin properly. The disease begins slowly and may take decades to fully establish. Although the congenital form occurs in children, pernicious anemia usually does not occur before age 30 in adults and the average age at diagnosis is 60 years. Monthly injections of vitamin B12 are prescribed to correct the deficiency of the vitamin. This therapy treats the anemia and may correct the neurological complications if taken soon enough. In people with a severe deficiency, injections are given more frequently at first( Medlineplus).

Criminal Investigations Essay

1.The methods of inquiry is divided into 2 distinct categories. One category is archeologist, historian, journalist, epidemiologist, and criminal investigator. The second category is scientist in general including artist. Fusing these categories together allows the reconstruction of the past. Methods of inquiry use techniques common to both science and art. During an investigation is it important to figure out what took place before the crime was committed to give the police a better understanding of where it took place, why it took place, how it took place and all the events that lead up to the crime. Osterburg, J. W. & Ward, R. H. (2010). Criminal investigation, A method for reconstructing the past (6th ed.) 2.The optimal mindset of an investigator should be open minded and investigative. It is manifested by going into a scene looking at scene from all angles not by having it in your head it was done one way and there is no other possibility. The investigative mindset comes from experiencing it hands on or by practicing. Some people are born with this mindset. An investigative mind gives us the ability to see what a naked eye wouldn’t. It also allows us to see evidence others may not think would be related to the scene. With both mindsets we come in with the questions of who, what, why, when, where? Osterburg, J. W. & Ward, R. H. (2010). Criminal investigation, A method for reconstructing the past (6th ed.) 3. Scientific method is observing, thinking about and solving problems. Investigators will use these methods throughout the entire investigation. Once the investigator arrives on scene they will make note of what they see in regards to bullets, tools, impressions, motive, blood spatter, and how it compares to other unsolved crimes. The investigator will use observation and thinking about the scene to lead him to solve the crime. These methods will also lead to catching the perpetrator. A reason may even be drawn to conclude as to the cause of the crime. Osterburg, J. W. & Ward, R. H. (2010). Criminal investigation, A method for reconstructing the past (6th ed.) 4. The primary sources are used to reconstruct the past and the events leading up to the crime. The sources are records, physical evidence, and people. The people may be victims or eyewitnesses of the crime. The records would be use of stolen credit cards, forged checks, or ransom notes. The physical evidence would be shoe impressions, tool impressions, if barefoot it would be foot impressions, fingerprints, fibers or hair. People can be of value as well. They may know a wealth of information as to who committed the crime, the location of the perpetrator. They may be able to lead you to a person of interest. If nothing else the can give you valuable evidence such as a description. Osterburg, J. W. & Ward, R. H. (2010). Criminal investigation, A method for reconstructing the past (6th ed.)

What You Dont Know About Essay Topics to Write about Could Be Costing to More Than You Think

What You Don't Know About Essay Topics to Write about Could Be Costing to More Than You Think In all, essay readers wish to understand about you from your perspective. Deciding upon a writing topic can be stressful regardless of what subject you're writing over. In any case, the dearth of suitable grammar makes the listeners shed respect to the speaker. Whether it is a poem, a random stream of thoughts, sarcasm, or some other kind of writing to be able to feel more creative, it isn't always the ideal idea. Ruthless Essay Topics to Write about Strategies Exploited All persuasive essays are like argumentative essays. Learn how funny argumentative essay topics can receive the interest of your tutor. Researching the topic permits you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you truly like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. 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The Origin Of Cold War - 1987 Words

The Origin of Cold War: Ideology Clashes According to some sources, the fall of the Berlin wall on November 9th 1989 marks the significant ending of the years long Cold war between the two super power; the United States and the Soviet Union. The Cold War is unlike any other wars as there are no big battles but instead the two superpowers focus their competition on politics, economics, military, and ideological might. Since the Cold War is unique for the aforementioned reason, experts have long debated about the origin of the war. Although there are many available theories to explain the origin of the war, I would argue that ideological clash between Truman and Stalin that sharpens the divide between America and Soviet is the most compelling theory in explaining the origin of Cold War. I would also argue that the Cold War left a big impact to the world in its aftermath as it initiated and sustained the nuclear race in many countries around the world. This legacy of the Cold War complicates U.S foreign policy today because th e presence of nuclear weapon brings a threat to the U.S and to the world community in general. A difference in ideology by President Truman and Stalin in the time frame of 1945-1947 sharpened the divide between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, which ultimately sparked the Cold War between the two super powers. It is widely known that the two nations despite the leadership under Truman and Stalin carry two different ideologies even before 1945-1947.Show MoreRelatedThe Origins Of Cold War1550 Words   |  7 PagesThis research looks at the origins of Cold war, the political, ideological and economical rivalry between the United States and Soviet Union. This research draws upon mostly primary sources including memoirs, interviews and scholarly studies of cold war era conflicts. 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The Cold War refers to a period post World War II characterised by a state of political tensions between the Soviet Union and the United States both supported by their allies from the Eastern and Western blocs respectively. Despite this being such a pivotal point in modern history there is a lack of clarity stemming from much debate regarding the catalyst for the Cold War and the ‘start’Read MoreOrigins of the Cold War Essay1295 Words   |  6 PagesOrigins of the Cold War The purpose of this paper is to explore the origins of the Cold War. To accomplish this exploration, the works of W.A. Williams, Robert Jervis, and Arthur Schlesinger, Jr. serves as the foundation. Before a closer examination of these works, a short explanation of the three common viewpoints regarding the study of the Cold War is warranted. These viewpoints are Attribution, Structural, and Misperception. With these viewpoints to guide the way, the above authorsRead MoreEssay on The Origins of the Cold War817 Words   |  4 PagesThe Origins of the Cold War The Cold War period from 1945 to 1985 was a result of distrust and misunderstanding between the USSR and the United States of America. This distrust never actually resulted any fighting between the two superpowers but they came very close to fighting on several occasions. The Cold War was a result of many different events and factors including the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917, the Potsdam Conference of 1945, the differences between communismRead MoreOrigins of the Cold War Essay1179 Words   |  5 PagesOrigins of the Cold War Revisionist historians tend to regard the outbreak of the Cold War as a result of American hostility or, at least , diplomatic incompetence, while the more traditional view lays the responsibility squarely at the feet of the Soviet Union. Assess the validity of each view. The Cold War,said to have lasted from the end of World War II to the dismantling of the Soviet Union in 1991, was one of the most significant political events of the 20th century. For nearlyRead MoreOrigin of the Cold War Essay775 Words   |  4 PagesAfter the Second World War America and the Soviet Union gained power in Europe. Though these to countries never fought one another, they waged a cold war of economic, military and ideological rivalry which last through the second half of the twentieth century. The origin of the Cold War began with the Russian Revolution in nineteen-seventeen, which created a Soviet Russia. The Soviet Russia did not have the same economic and ideological state as the United States. The Civil war in Russia in whichRead MoreEssay about The Origins of the Cold War679 Words   |  3 PagesThe Origins of the Cold War The Cold War was a state of extreme hostility and confrontation but without direct militant action between the two world powers, the USSR and the USA. The USSR and the USA were originally wartime Allies during the Second World War; however a string of events and issues caused a built up of suspicion and distrust which finally escalated to what was known as the Cold War. The start of Cold War can be simply defined as the period of time wherebyRead More The Historiography of the Origins of the Cold War Essay2691 Words   |  11 PagesThe Historiography of the Origins of the Cold War There have been many attempts to explain the origins of the Cold War that developed between the capitalist West and the communist East after the Second World War. Indeed, there is great disagreement in explaining the source for the Cold War; some explanations draw on events pre-1945; some draw only on issues of ideology; others look to economics; security concerns dominate some arguments; personalities are seen as the root cause for some historiansRead MoreThe United States And The Origins Of The Cold War1717 Words   |  7 PagesProfessor Calvo AMH2042 23 July 2015 The United States and the Origins of the Cold War Essay Thinking about the decisions, strategies and goals of Soviet Union and the United States views on world domination and the possible accomplishment of such. The first and main would be to think and observe critically concerning the worldwide political scenery in the years after World War II (1945). This moment in history; taking all the way through the Cold War, may be seen as a lapse of severe ideological polarization